Dr. Adams' Alabama Headache Blog

Estrogen is known to play a role in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders and estrogen effects can be mediated by ERalpha present in the TMJ. Cells expressing the estrogen receptor ERalpha are present in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) but changes in expression due to estrogen and inflammation have not been characterized.

Sixteen female rats were divided into two groups such that one group received 17 beta estradiol (E2) and the other was given vehicle (VEH). Groups were then subdivided further, one received injections of saline and the other received Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) within the superior joint space of the TMJ.

The four groups include no E2/saline, E2/saline, no E2/CFA, and E2/CFA. After treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and the TMJ anterior, disc, retrodiscal and synovial tissues were analyzed by western blot and immunocytochemistry.

Positive stained cells were counted using a Nikon epifluorescent microscope.

Results: The western blot showed that ERalpha protein significantly decreased with inflammation. The number of ERalpha-positive cells in the TMJ was not affected by inflammationor 17 beta-estradiol with exception of the retrodiscal tissue.

In the retrodiscal tissue, 17 beta-estradiol significantly decreased the number of ERalpha-positive cells but only in a noninflamed joint.

In conclusion, inflammation and 17 beta-estradiol can modulate ERalpha expression in the TMJ but the effects are tissue specific.